– PART TWO –

Three fat-soluble vitamins that help support immune health.*

BY VICKI MARTINEZ

Vitamins play complementary roles in maintaining health, and deficiencies can affect immune function. If your diet doesn’t consistently provide essential nutrients, supplementing may help support your immune system alongside a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle.*

Vitamins for the Immune System*

In Part 1 of this series we focused on a key water-soluble immune supporter, vitamin C. Here, we review three important fat-soluble vitamins — D, A and E — and how they contribute to immune health.*

What is a fat-soluble vitamin?
Fat-soluble vitamins dissolve in fat and are absorbed and stored in body tissues. Because the body can store them, excessive intake over time can lead to accumulation. For best absorption, take fat-soluble vitamins with healthy fats such as avocado, nut butter, flaxseed, olive oil or fatty fish.

Vitamin D

Often called the “sunshine vitamin,” vitamin D is supported by substantial evidence as important for immune function.*

Vitamin D immune-boosting properties:

• Supports the innate immune system by helping macrophages (a type of white blood cell) function effectively.*
• Supports adaptive immunity by helping regulate T cells and B cells, which recognize and respond to returning threats.*

Vitamin D immune-boosting properties:

• Supports the innate immune system by helping macrophages function effectively.*
• Supports adaptive immunity by helping regulate T cells and B cells, which recognize and respond to returning threats.*

Vitamin A

Found in both plant and animal sources, vitamin A supports a healthy immune response and plays roles in maintaining barriers and cellular communication in the immune system.*

Vitamin A is known to:

• Enhance the skin’s barrier function.*
• Support the integrity of the respiratory, gastrointestinal and urinary tracts.*
• Support immune health, skin health, and healthy vision.*
• Help regulate immune elements such as immunoglobulin, lymphocyte and interleukin production.*

Vitamin A is known to:

• Enhance the skin’s barrier function.*
• Support the integrity of the respiratory, gastrointestinal and urinary tracts.*
• Support immune health, skin health, and healthy vision.*
• Help regulate immune elements such as immunoglobulin, lymphocyte and interleukin production.*

Vitamin E

Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that supports immune health and cellular protection.*

Vitamin E:

• Acts as an antioxidant that helps protect cells from free-radical damage and oxidative stress.*
• Is the primary fat-soluble antioxidant on the outermost skin surface, contributing to skin defense.*
• Helps stabilize cell membranes and regulate oxidation reactions in the body.*

Vitamin E:

• Acts as an antioxidant that helps protect cells from free-radical damage and oxidative stress.*
• Is the primary fat-soluble antioxidant on the outermost skin surface, contributing to skin defense.*
• Helps stabilize cell membranes and regulate oxidation reactions in the body.*

Dynamic Duos

Some vitamins work better alongside complementary nutrients. When choosing supplements, consider these pairings that support absorption and activation:*

Vitamin D and Calcium: Vitamin D enhances calcium absorption.*

Vitamin D and Magnesium: Magnesium is required to convert vitamin D into its active form.*

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

The information provided is for general knowledge and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Consult your physician or a qualified healthcare provider with any questions regarding medical conditions or appropriate supplements for you.

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